The material can be easily machined and try-in procedures can be accomplished with care. The CAD version of the IPS lithium disilicate e.Max ceramic is provided in a metasilicate state, which is characterized by 40% platelet-shaped lithium metasilicate crystals and a glassy matrix, and is bluish in color. In 2005, IPS Empress 2 was replaced by a modified version, IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD. According to Tysowsky, the material generally consists of “70% needle-like lithium disilicate crystals which are embedded in a glassy matrix”. Lithium disilicate ceramic was first introduced to the market in 1998, under the name IPS Empress 2 (IvoclarVivadent, Schaan, Principality of Liechtenstein), for use with press technology. FPDs presented with the highest failure rate based on evaluation for up to 5 years. Ceramic fracture was the most common cause of failure in SCs and FPDs. The medium-term performance of lithium disilicate is ideal. Fracture and marginal discrepancy were more frequent in the molar region (77.5% and 14.75%, respectively) and significantly higher here than in the anterior and premolar regions (P = 0.000). The failure rate was significantly higher for the maxillary arch than the mandibular arch (P = 0.021). ![]() Ceramic fracture in both FPDs and SCs (27.6% and 26.6%, respectively) and debonding in Vs (12.7%) were significant as the main reasons for failure (P = 0.000). Moreover, overall time-dependent time-to-failure/complication occurred after 52.373 months according to Kaplan–Meier (CI: lower bound: 51.875 months upper bound: 52.871 months). FPDs had the least cumulative survival probability (52.9%) which was significantly (P < 0.00001) higher than for other ceramic restorations using the log-rank test. Inlay/onlay and Vs ceramic restorations showed highest cumulative survival probability (99.4%, 98.6, respectively). Kaplan Meier test showed overall cumulative survival probability of lithium disilicate restorations for up to years was 85.08%. The Chi-squared test (p 0.05) was used to assess the variations in causes of failure rates between different restorations. The time-dependent time-to-failure/complication and their differences were calculated in months according to the Kaplan Meier and log-rank tests. Failure distribution according to gender, arch, and teeth type was also evaluated. They were reported by dentists and entered in the database of the private B&R Dental Center between March 2015 and June 2020 and assessed retrospectively up to a period of 5 years based on the following parameters: failure rate and cause of failures (ceramic fracture, debonding, marginal adaptation, color match, endodontic intervention, periodontal disease, and secondary caries). All were made of lithium disilicate (IPS e.Max CAD) with Cerec Inlab CAD/CAM system (Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany). ![]() Materials and methodsĪ total of 87,203 ceramic restorations, classified into four different types (inlay or onlay, veneers (Vs), single crowns (SCs), and fixed partial dentures (FPDs)), were used. How long do lithium disilicate restorations last before they fail? The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of four different types of restorations made from lithium disilicate.
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